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How to Write a Globalization Essay

On February 29, 2012, in Cause & Effect Essay, How To Write an Essay, by go2essay.com

It can be tricky to write a globalization essay because many people have different views on what globalization is. Readers often get confused when writers pepper their essays with technical economic jargon and biased ideologies that serve only to muddle their readers’ thinking instead of clear it up. You have several options when it comes to topics for a globalization essay, but remember to keep your language objective and undetached so your readers can understand your essay well. Here’re some tips and subjects from experienced essays service.

Globalization and Trade

The world has experienced an unprecedented boom in world trade. The value of international trade has risen by more than 20 times in the 1950s and has skyrocketed to more than $8 trillion in 2008. Increased trade has produced desirable outcomes in the form of higher incomes, more jobs, reduced prices and increased workers’ earning power. But local and national economies are so connected to one another than when an economic recession happens in one part of the world, the effects are felt reverberating all across the oceans to other countries. This is one major issue that you can address in a globalization essay.

Globalization and the Environment

Several issues have cropped up regarding the environment-friendliness of globalization measures, such as free trade. The most widely discussed example is the decision of the World Trade Organization in 1998 to nullify a U.S. court decision that imposes the use of turtle excluder devices in the shrimp industry. The WTO said this was in violation of the world trade law, which espouses free trade among participating nations. You may use this example to try and strike a balance between the environmental protection statutes and the provisions for international economic development in your globalization essay.

Globalization and Media

Media is a very powerful tool for information dissemination and communication. After the rise of emailing, chatting, and videoconferencing, people from various points of the world can communicate with one another in real time for cheap prices. The world has become a global village where people can interact with one another right here, right now. But the ubiquity and accessibility of media also has its drawbacks, including the spread of unreliable, biased and even false news propagated by uneducated people or those with self-seeking purposes.

Globalization and Culture

Most discussions on globalization focus on the tangible economic and political effects of free international trade. You can go the other way and breach almost uncharted territories in your essay by assessing the impact that globalization has on the indigenous cultures that are unique to different localities. On one hand, people are exposed to new ideas, practices, and customs that they would have otherwise no means of experiencing. On the other hand, some new ideologies may be too all-pervading that they supplant the ethnic culture – something that nations hold on to when they have no successful economy or political system to be proud of. It is precisely because a nation’s pride stems in its national heritage that a globalization essay on culture should be written sensitively and carefully.

If you choose to write about globalization and environment read this article about how to write an environment essay. There’re some good ideas and helpful tips in it.

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Application Of Organisational Behaviour Concepts To Personal Life

On February 27, 2012, in Illustration Essay, by go2essay.com

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An outline:

1.      Introduction.

  1. Organization behavior:

a) definition of the term;

b) relating disciplines;

c) objectives of studying.

  1. Levels of organization behavior.
  2. Influence of organization behavior on individuals:

a) organization culture;

b) other aspects of influence.

5.   Conclusions.

 

A foreword:

It is common knowledge today that progressive technologies, informational systems and total quality are obligatory conditions that define “the playing ground” for the organizations in the global economics. Now, especially in the XXI century, the only important concurrent advantage of the organization is its human resources. Thus, scientific grounds of organization behavior and their practical application by means of human resources management  become very important (if not the most important) trend in management. The tendency is strengthened by the following trends in global economy:  the transformation of today’s workplace puts new demands to employees – flexibility, life long learning, new ways of looking at things. Besides, workplace has become more heterogenous in means of gender, race, ethnicity; thus employees don’t necessarily assimilate but maintain culture, this creating need for organization to consider differences.

Organization behavior is understanding, foreseeing and management of human behavior within organizations. In other word, organizational behavior investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving the organization’s effectiveness. [1] Organizational behavior refers to what people do in an organization, what their attitudes are, how they perform. It applies to three levels of behavior in organizations: the individual, the group, the structure.

Organizational behavior relates to many behavioral disciplines, such as:

  1. Psychology deals with Individual and studies learning, motivation, personality, perception, training, leadership, job satisfaction, decision making, attitude, work design, stress
  2. Sociology deals with Group focusing on group dynamics, work teams, communications, power, conflict, intergroup
  3. Social Psychology concentrates on behavioral change, attitude change, communication, group decisions, group process
  4. Anthropology studies comparative values/attitudes, cross-cultural analysis, organizational culture/environment
  5. Political Science, finally, focuses on conflict, intraorganizational politics, power [2]

Studying of organization behavior is based on such reasons:

  • Humans are diverse, but have fundamental consistencies leading to predictability, and if these consistencies are noticed and used in right way, one can lead people’s activity in desirable direction;
  • Humans are rule bound, that is to say, we have scripts for different settings ( for example, to ask a question one  raises his hand)
  • A systematic study (examining behavior to draw conclusions based on scientific evidence about cause and effect)
  • Organizational behavior is not all common sense
  • The main objective of studying organization behavior is to expose the one who studies to systematic analysis to understand, predict, avoid mistakes in workplace whether he or she is management or employee or on a team
  • To understand and properly use organization behavior, one should bear in mind two absolutes: humans are complex; people react differently in different situations.
  • To succeed, one should use a contingency approach (consider the behavior in the context /situation in which it occurs [3]

To understand the mechanism of organization behavior, its basic model, that includes 3 levels, must be regarded:

Individual level behavior

  • Personal characteristics of individuals, such as values and attitudes,  impact individual behavior and group
  • Perception and motivation is important, as well as the role of rewards

Group level behavior

  • Group is more than the sum of the individuals; people behave differently when in group versus alone. On this level such points as  group dynamics, work teams, decision-making, leadership, organizational culture, power, politics, conflict, negotiation are important

Organizational system level

  • Top level is built on lower two-this is the structure; work process, organizational outcome, change being  a key  objective of the whole process.[4]

Now it’s time to consider the question of influence of organization behavior on personal life of those who experience it.

One of the most important compounds reflecting influence of  organization behaviour on people who are subject to it, is organization culture. Organizational culture is a system of shared meaning and common perception held by members of an organization which distinguishes it from other organizations.[5] The main components of organizational culture are: behavioural stereotypes in human interaction (language, traditions, customs, rituals), group norms(standards and values, peculiar to definite groups), proclaimed values to realization of which the group longs for, formal philosophy( the most general political and ideological principles that determine the group’s actions toward external world, game rules (the rules of behavior and restrictions), existing practical experience (methods and technical solutions, used by group to attain its goals), mental models of the members (cognitive paradigms and systems) and, finally, “basic metaphors” or integration symbols, elaborated by group for self-identification. [10]

The key characteristics of organization culture are as follows:  Innovation and Risk Taking- How innovative should the team be; Attention to detail: How detailed or precise; Outcome orientation: How much is focussed on results versus techniques; People Orientation: How much management considers outcomes of people; Team Orientation: How much work is team versus individual; Aggressiveness: How aggressive/competitive versus easygoing are people; Stability: How much emphasis is there on status quo.[6] All this features are peculiar to both organization as a whole and individuals that work in it; by means of organization behavior, views and beliefs of employees change towards direction desirable for proper functioning of the organization.

Organizational culture concerns the perception of employees; research on culture seeks to measure how people view their organization (a descriptive term)versus job satisfaction (an evaluative term), which measures responses about environment, expectations, rewards. A culture where core values are intensely held and widely shared is called strong culture; strong culture has strong effect on members; it should lead to lower turnover; strong culture increases behavioural consistency[7]

Cultures main function is “defining the rules of the game” “the way things are done around here’. This could be enhanced to the following:

  1. boundary defining role: it creates distinctions between on organization and others;
  2. conveys a sense of identity for members;
  3. facilitates the generation of commitment to something larger than individual;
  4. enhances social system stability- a so-called role of the social glue;
  5. serves to make sense and guides and shapes attitudes and behaviours;  ensures everyone going in the right direction, and influences ethical behaviour.[10]

Speaking of personal implications of organization behavior, one should add that developing a broad range of skills makes employee  a more effective participant in any organization, increases his or her  personal success, marketability. A well rounded employee will weigh flexibility and control; weigh an internal and external focus.  A growing investment in people including training and employee ownership, may also lead to more “organizational commitment” [8] (an employee’s emotional attachment to organization, that includes self-identification as a part of organization and more active involvement in its activity) as well as it may improve “organizational citizenship behaviour” [9] (discretionary behaviour that is not part of an employee’s formal job, but promotes effective functioning of organization)-making constructive statements about team, volunteer, etc.

Thus, we examined the issue of organization culture and its influence of people’s personal life. Nowadays, when human resource (along with information and high technologies) has become by far the most important and determinative resource in economic relations, this sphere of activity (as well as discipline) gains more and more importance. Proper and successful human management is advantageous for both organization as a cohesive and single body enabling to improve organization’s effectiveness and adapting this human resource to the very needs of organization; and for individuals as far as it increases employees success, productivity, develops needed and profitable skills, as well as facilitates  cooperation and  dealing with other people, mutual understanding, enhances behavioural consistency, acquired within organizational culture.

To raise effectiveness of people management, organization behavior approach should further focus on such spheres as organizational culture, international management, overcoming of  working stress, labour projection, goals identification, negotiation skills, team forming, political strategies, leadership styles, organizational development and decision-making methods. The future of organization behavior sphere looks  rather bright and fascinating. Its red line is in making human resources, the core of competitiveness of any organization, more complete and effective.

Bibliography:

1. Fred Luthans. Concept of organization behaviour. Alabama press, 1997

2. Schein Edgar. Organizational Psychology. 3rd Edition, London : Prentice-Hall , 2003

3. Grint, K., The Arts of Leadership, Oxford University Press, 2000.
4. Robert Kreitner, Angelo Kinicki, Marc Buelens. Organizational Behaviour: European Edition, 2/e, Chicago press, 1999.

5. Chris Argyris. Organization Behavior & Culture. Ahthens university press, 1998

6. Robbins, S.P. Organizational Behavior 9th Edition Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2001

7. Robbins, S.P. Managing Today 2nd Edition.  Upper Saddle River NJ:  Prentice Hall, 2000

8. Witzel Morgen. Organization Behavior, Thoemmes Press, 1998

9. Robert Blake. Historical background of organization theory. Winston press, 2000

10. Shain U. Organizational culture and leadership, Arizona University press, 1996.

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Writing an Environment Essay – Ideas & Tips

On February 26, 2012, in Cause & Effect Essay, by go2essay.com

Environment Essay is a great choice for your cause & effect assignment. Check out these tips from Go2Essay Team – you may find them very helpful.

There is no way for you to run out of things to say when writing an environment essay. Through the years, the rate at which technology, industrialization, and urban progress has rapidly increased. Unfortunately, these impressive phenomena created by human activities have wreaked havoc on the environment. There is certainly much to say. Be sure to select an environmental issue that is close to your heart and start writing.

Environmental Degradation

When we use up environmental resources that are more than we actually need, we cause waste and the subsequent destruction of the environment. Entire rainforests are logged away to build mansions; coral reefs are bombed to finance exotic jewelry operations; we’re even running out of fresh water. Unfortunately, it’s not only the plants and animals that are affected as we humans are also destroying our own habitat this way. It certainly is something to mention in your environment essay that at least 11 million children worldwide die from diseases caused by environmental degradation before they even reach the age of five.

Global Warming

Another hot (pun not intended) topic to write about in your environment essay is the issue of global warming. If you have seen the movie An Inconvenient Truth starring Al Gore, you should have realized the impact of this issue on all living populations on Earth. In the last century, there was almost a Celsius degree in rise of surface temperature, with two-thirds of the rise occurring in the last three decades. What is the significance of this? There are several potentially devastating effects of global warming that you can include in your environment essay, including the rise of sea levels, more frequent occurrence of extreme weather events such as heat waves and heavy rains, changes in agricultural produce, and the extinction of species that are not suited to the new climatic conditions.

Energy Conservation

There are gargantuan benefits to conserving energy, one of which is the reduction of greenhouse gases that contribute largely to global warming. Energy conservation is also a healthier alternative to increasing energy production and promotes the use of renewable sources of energy. There are several ways by which humans can harness energy without depleting the Earth of its coal and oil reserves. You can pick one of these alternatives and explain how they can be fully taken advantage of in your environment essay. Solar energy is a viable alternative, and so are wind energy, hydroelectricity, geothermal energy, biomass, and nuclear power. If you choose to write about nuclear energy, however, be careful to mention underlying issues that may arise from unsafe use and practices.

Overpopulation

Population experts estimate that there are about seven billion humans on the planet now. That’s certainly a lot of mouths to feed and people to make room for and it’s something you can tackle in your environment essay. The rapid increase of population poses a lot of problems for all countries, such as the depletion of natural resources and the reduced access to basic social services, unavailability of potable water, increased environmental pollution, high mortality rates, extinction of species, starvation and malnutrition, increased chances for epidemics, elevated crime rates, and restricted freedom.

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Historical Essays: American Economic Growth In 1789 – 1870

On February 24, 2012, in Historical Essays, by go2essay.com

This historical essay example was provided by online essay help enthusiasts Go2Essay (they’re a good source of info on essay writing).

An outline:

  1. Introduction. The development of American society in nineteenth century.
  2. The economic growth in USA in 1789 – 1870.
  3. The factors affecting economic growth.
  4. The consequences of conflicts between labourers and owners.
  5. Conclusions.

A foreword:

The exceptional rate of growth of the United States in the XIX century, which lead it to catch-up with the Europeans leaders, especially the United Kingdom, and subsequently, to position as a world leader, may be related with the rapid assimilation of modern machines and tools of production. Contrary to the case of Germany, American economic growth was first devoted to the so-called “light industry”, as textiles, leather and foodstuff-producing, and later on, with the advancement of transportation and communication, came the development of “heavy industry”, with the construction of railroads, steam-boats, and the parallel coal, iron and steel-making industries, as well as the distribution and commercialisation of goods. In this case the United States as follower was catching-up and forging ahead in the industrial led. Meanwhile the textile, leather, and foodstuff processing industries remained in the fringes of the banks’ interests. It was heavy rather than industry to which production was devoted[1].

The German research university system was first advanced by Bayer, circa 1860, with the employment of a large quantity of chemists graduated from German universities, and the instalment of scientific and technological research and invention programmes. In that sense, it is relevant to recall the managerial practices of the great minds in the United States, as Edison and Coolidge, whose inventions and “effective use of organized research and development paved the way for scientifically trained people to use varied methodologies, to advance science, technology, and commercial interests together”. For example, Edison’s invention of the lamp was accompanied by the development and promotion of an entire system of generating, distributing, consuming and measuring electric power[2]. In that sense, Edison “directed a team effort that produced a working lamp in one year and an entire commercial electric system in four”, in a complete innovative process of research, development, manufacturing, finance, promotion, publicity and politics, to lay conduits in the first generating station in New York in 1882. Edison’s innovation was vital in the American and world-wide industrialization process, in the sense that it provided for the first time a source of lighting and power that “altered urban living and transportation; by changing the ways of the workplace; and by giving rise to new industrial methods such as electrolytic processes for producing copper and other materials”[3].

Finally, it may be also said, that American manufacturing industry, benefited greatly from overseas entrepreneurs. In that sense, the United States borrowed all it could from Europe, specially from the English, who in the spread of the Industrial Revolution travelled to America and settle down factories, such as the Brothers Schofield (who built wool carding machinery driven by waterpower); the Scots Henry Burden (responsible for crucial innovations); the Welsh David Thomas (who first introduced anthracite iron smelting); and the Scots Andrew Carnegie, among others. The important argument to take from this is that Native Americans gain expertise from Europeans, improving their mechanical abilities, schooling and literacy at the elementary level[4].

There is no doubt the American economy had a privileged endowment of natural resources. If we compare the size of the country, it becomes clear: while the US territory covers 9,629,091 km2, together, the UK, France, Sweden and Germany holds just 1,594,808 square kilometres. In addition, in comparing the US with other countries, the reader may bear in mind that, relative to population, the US had a usually rich resource base; indeed, it was short on labour and long on raw material. In that sense, the US industrialization process, especially, in the late XIX century, was concealed mainly to its large access to natural resources and to the world’s largest domestic market. Furthermore, and as explained before, it reflected the large private and public investments in research and development, as scientific and technical education. Moreover, considering the national technologies and the technological leadership of European countries in the nineteenth century, the difference with the laboratories research centres in conjunction with prestige universities.

Concerning the issue of the strike’s result, we must recognise its impact on the consequences as the “thing in itself”. First of all, the results of strike are constant, but the importance of them differs dependant on the achievement of labourers. The principal consequences of the strike for labourers[5]:

1)      in the process of strike the labourers lose the money, and can break the production process (if this process must be constant), and then they will be due to renew and rebuilt it, some labourers, whose particularity is in the necessity to follow the situation (brokers, journalists) can lose their professionalism;

2)      by the precedent of starting strike they prove to the employer their willingness to block his management program, directed on the oppression of labourer’s rights or change the situation, which doesn’t satisfy them, in various ways;

3)      the main outcome of the strike is the change or the conservation of the status of labourers and of the productive relations. In the economic respect these are the improvement of work conditions, the increasing and the payment of money. In the social respect these are the guaranties of social defence; in the political – giving to the labourers all the existing political rights, presenting them the same political possibilities as the employers have.

And there are such consequences of the labour strike to the employers:

1)      money-lost in the process of strike, break of the production cycle, lost of the trade partners, of the role in the market, and these losts are much more significant then the labourers defeats, because the means of production are in the hand of the employer, and the strike’s activity is usually directed on the destroying of these values;

2)      in the cases, when the labourers proclaim the “constant strike”, id est., they demonstrate their willingness to impede the production process until the full executing of their claims, the employer will lose the working hours, days (there were 10 labour hours in the day, and the strikers have decreased the day to 8 labour hours – the payment was the same, but the benefit of the working day was less), he can lose the money, what he will be due to pay the workers after the increasing of payment. Then he can lose the authority among another owners in the market by demonstrating his seek will to resist strike, but he will earn authority among the labourers[6];

3)      for another hand, the product of the enterprise doesn’t always depend on the quantity of the labour hours or days, but on the efficiency of the work process; and the last category depends on the rest and leisure of the labourers and in their interests in the results of the production;

4)      but in the case of employer’s unwillingness to satisfy the labourers claim there will be the heavy consequences to the both sides of the conflict: the employer will lose more and more, because the initiators of the strike would be more urgent, and mush strikers were arrested.

I should emphasize in conclusion that the unusually successful American economic growth of the late nineteenth century was characterized by the abundant natural resource endowment it inherited. Furthermore, the innovation and entrepreneurial skills of some native Americans, such as Edison and Coolidge, as well as with the assistant of overseas immigrants (British mainly), shed light in the new entrepreneurial class that fostered the economic growth and the industrial “take-off” stage of American history[7]. Furthermore, the role played by the unprecedented fragmentation of state banks and the spread of paper money since the mid 1800s, spurred capital investment and hence made available production resources for the establishment of new industries in almost the whole territory.


[1] “US Industrialisation Process in the Late XIX Century: The Natural Resource Endowment” – by Jairo Acuna-Alfaro, 1998.

[2] The same source.

[3] “The Enduring Logic of Industrial Success” – by Chandler, Alfred, 1990.

[4] “American Economic History” – by Hughes, Jonathan & Cain, Louis P.,1998.

[5] “The effect of labour relations legislation on strike incidence” – by M. Gunderson, J. Kervin, and F. Reid, 1997.

[6] “The decline of the global labor force” – by Jeremy Rifkin, 1999.

[7] “US Industrialisation Process in the Late XIX Century: The Natural Resource Endowment” – by Jairo Acuna-Alfaro, 1998.

 

P.S. Have you check out our How to Write a Bullying Essay Tips?

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Writing a Diversity Essay

On February 22, 2012, in How To Write an Essay, by go2essay.com

There’s no need to panic if you don’t know how to write a diversity essay. Read these valuable tips from a professional custom essay writing service. They definitely know how to do it.

Diversity is a hot topic to write about, not because it is very controversial, but because governments, businesses, schools, and private organizations seek to promote diversity within their ranks and in the social arena where they flourish.

When you write a diversity essay, make sure you define what diversity is and how different it is from other concepts that are almost similar, such as multiculturalism and equality. It is also important to outline the various social benefits that an organizational unit and the entire society can reap from having a diverse background. Ultimately, however, the goal of a diversity essay is to persuade people to promote diversity and provide recommendations as to how we can do it.

Defining Diversity

Diversity, in a nutshell, refers to the existence of members of a particular political unit that belong to difference ethnicities. The diversity index that is used to measure diversity is arrived at by defining the probability that two random individuals are of different ethnicities. For example, if half of a group is all white Americans and the other half are Chinese, the diversity index in that group is 0.50. If everyone is Mexican, the diversity index in that group is 0.

It is important to note in your diversity essay that diversity does not only refer to differences in ethnicity, as there are also other human features that we have little or no control over, such as age, sexuality, gender, physical disabilities, mental health, attractiveness, and socio-economic background.

Importance of Diversity

Advocating a difference of ethnicities and cultures in a diversity essay also involves explaining why diversity is important, whether in the workplace or inside the classroom or elsewhere. The following are some reasons why diversity has become one of the utmost priorities of businesses and the academe. You may cite these reasons in your diversity essay and find out how you can further explain them in your own words.

  • Diversity provides an objective way to recognize talented individuals and promote them.
  • Diversity establishes a healthy environment where discrimination is non-existent and all individuals are given the chance to reach their maximum potential.
  • Diversity allows a wholesome exchange of different ideas coming from people of different backgrounds and provides new and novel ways of tackling a problem.

Promoting Diversity in Your Essay

There are so many ways that organizations can promote diversity within their ranks and in their external dealings. For example, corporate entities can create a system-wide culture that sees the importance of diversity by promoting it as a team effort. In other words, everyone works on it instead of a designated team of specialists. It can also help if there is an observable assessment method in place to gauge the extent of diversity within the organization. Hiring and recruitment can also place emphasis on diversity by reviewing their employment and human resources management practices. A clear and efficient process for filing racial discrimination and harassment complaints, backed by a supportive environment, should also be present.

These are only some practices that you can suggest in your diversity essay. Don’t be limited by these suggestions and try to come up with more of your own.

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Surrogate Motherhood – Yes or No?

On February 20, 2012, in Controversial Essay, by go2essay.com

Below is another controversial essay example from a Go2Essay team. If needed, be sure to check out more sample essays on the web site.

Throughout the world, scientists have investigated and revolutionized our way of deciding how we should live out our lives, how doctors should practice medicine, how scientists study biology, and how we think as individuals.  It is called the Human Genome Project.  While many researchers strive to collect human genetic materials and determine the chemical sequence, the main goals are to detect, understand, and provide new understanding of human evolution in order to develop new ways of treating and preventing debilitating disorders.

One of the medical advancements made available to a husband and wife that can not have much wanted children naturally on their own may look to surrogate motherhood.  “Typically in this procedure, sperm from a man whose wife is infertile are used to inseminate a woman, called a surrogate, who is paid a fee for her childbearing services.  In return, the surrogate agrees to turn the baby over to the man (who is the natural father).  The child is then adopted by his wife” (Berk, 68).  A woman who is unable to conceive or bear a child naturally with her mate due to infertility may seek another woman to provide an egg and carry the child to term.  Upon the delivery, the infant is given to the biological father and adopted by the infertile wife.  These surrogate mothers are often said as giving the “gift of life” to couples who otherwise are unable to have children.  Proponents often argue that “it is a good way to help infertile women satisfy a fundamental human longing and, therefore, should be permitted and even facilitated” (Baldi, 42).

If surrogate motherhood is looked at in regards to the child’s best interest, there are some questions to be answered, however.  “Should the child be told, when old enough to understand, the pertinent details of his or her conception and birth?  Should the identity of the surrogate mother be routinely disclosed? What if the surrogate mother wants to be known to the child?  What if she doesn’t?  What if she insists on visitation rights or other ongoing involvement with the child?  Should a child be deprived of personal information-information that not only might be important medically but can also affect the child’s individual being?” (Baldi, 56).

Surrogate motherhood may be an option for postmenopausal women as well as women of child bearing years.  For the most part most of these women went through menopause early and are still quite young and healthy and in the minority are women that may be in their sixties.  Overall the concerns are the same as in choosing surrogate motherhood but added to them is the concern of age and life expectancy.  “Serious questions arise about bringing children into the world whose parents may not live to see them reach adulthood” (Berk, 69).  The death of a parent is devastating to a child as well as the possible relocation to another family and community.

Another great scientific advancement is the detection of abnormal genes resulting from the Human Genome Project.  “Its main goals are to provide powerful new approaches for understanding human evolution and the development of genetic disorders so they can be prevented and treated” (Berk, 70).  Scientists have already been able to trace several genetically linked diseases.  The procedure entails replacing a defected gene with one that is normal, of course this is oversimplifying the process greatly.  “Stopping many human tragedies (due to genetically linked diseases) at last has become a realizable human goal for medical research” (Watson, 33).

Although this sounds wonderful and very promising, there are some concerns when it comes to protecting the public and the public’s privacy.  “A major controversy involves testing children and adults who are at risk for genetic diseases but who do not yet show symptoms” (Berk, 71).  The problem would be that although testing is available, the ability to correct the disorder is not.  There is also a concern of discrimination especially in the workplace or in regards to health insurance.  If an employer or health insurance carrier obtains information regarding the disease of an individual, they may deny employment or insurance, at a time when it is needed most.  Lastly, there is a concern over choosing specific traits for future children, the Ken and Barbie look in a combination with a mind of a great thinker.

The world of science has made tremendous advances in so many areas.  There has been a remarkable progress in fetal surgery, surrogate motherhood, postmenopausal-assisted childbearing, and detection of abnormal genes resulting from the Human Genome Project.  With the countless medical improvements, however, come many ethical and moral controversies that will be discussed in our society for many years to come.

References:

  1. Baldi, Pierre. The Shattered Self: The End of Natural Evolution. Bradford Book; 2001.
  2. Berk, Laura E.  Infants, Children, and Adolescents. Allyn and Bacon, 2002, pp. 69-71.
  3. Watson, James D. A Passion for DNA: Genes, Genomes, and Society. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2000.
  4. The Human Genome Project. Retrieved February 8, 2004, from www.georgetown.edu/research/nrcbl/scopenotes/sn17.htm.

The Science Behind the Human Genome Project.  Retrieved February 9, 2004, from www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/project/info.shtml

We have plenty of controversial essay samples – be sure to check out our Controversial Case Study Essay on U.S. Education.

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Child Labour Essay Writing Made Easy

On February 19, 2012, in How To Write an Essay, by go2essay.com

Here’re some essay writing tips from Go2Essay Pros.  Be sure to take them into account when completing your school task.

There are several issues to touch upon when writing a child labour essay. It is not imperative to talk about all these issues in one essay. What is important is that you, the writer, can adequately cover a single issue on child labour that you wish to illuminate upon.

Child Labour and Education

A common cause of child labour in several countries all around the world, even in first-world and developed nations such as Canada and the United States, is the ineffectiveness of education to prevent children from dropping out of schools and turning to the farms or the streets to work for less than the prescribed minimum wage. In less developed nations, the lack of school facilities, teachers, and a curriculum that is not fit for the children’s needs eventually lead to students leaving the classroom to earn money. If this is the angle you wish to take in your child labour essay, remember to provide possible solutions to the problems in education so schools can prevent the rise of child labour.

Child Labour and Poverty

In Asia and Africa, poverty or the lack of resources to keep a family alive is the biggest problem that governments and charitable institutions focus on. Parents, who were also improperly uneducated in their earlier years and who do not have the means to feed their families that are usually bigger than the average family size of the rich, resort to sending their children to the fields or the streets to work. Children are then burdened with the obligation to provide for their family at an age when they are not yet capable of doing so. In the process, they are left out of an education that they can take advantage of to liberate themselves from poverty.

Child Labour and Slavery

Accounts of abuse and slavery have been inevitably linked with reports of child labour, which you may wish to include in your child labour essay to provide a more human flavor to it. Children forced to work for big-ticket businesses engaged in shady operations were interviewed by journalists and social workers after being rescued from their appalling living and working conditions. They tell stories of physical abuse, emotional cruelty, sexual exploitation, and debt bondage to force children to work for them without wages. This angle in your child labour essay does not only a human touch to your paper, it might also address the deep-seated psychological effects of being forced to work at an early age.

Child Labour in Developed Countries

While majority of child labour problems originate in third-world nations, it cannot be denied that even well-known and prestigious Western companies have found themselves swimming in hot water due to allegations of encouraging or tolerating child labour in the countries where they outsource much of their manufacturing operations. Gap, Inc., for example has been accused of employing child workers in the production of its Gap Kids Line, although there was no evidence to prove that the child labourers worked in adverse conditions. H&M and Zara, both established clothing retailers in the West, were also alleged to have used cotton picked by children in Uzbekistan. These companies have denied the allegations, but it is worth including investigation results in your child labour essay.

 

Child Labour Essay Writing Made Easy

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Controversial Case Study Essay on U.S. Education

On February 17, 2012, in Controversial Essay, by go2essay.com

If you wish to buy custom essay online, please click here. Or feel free to check out this sample essay below and write your own.

The controversy over the efficiency of U.S. standards and patterns of education has long been around. Although the traditional approach to education has remained largely unchanged over the last century, the American education became, perhaps, the most democratic and integrated as compared to the majority of other countries. As far as the science concerned, the 1960’s brought the curriculum revolution in this field with new content added to the educational approach. The hands-on activities were generally reduced in favor of more complex and abstract concepts (Slavin, 2002). While the efficiency of this practice is being discussed by scholars and various participants involved, the presented case study demonstrates the actual advantages and disadvantages imposed both on a teacher and his students.

One of the issues brought in this case is teacher-student interaction and the extent to which this interaction should be brought. As opposed to typical pedagogical pattern that involves didactic authoritarian approach to classroom management, the teacher in this case is rather open, friendly and communicative with his students. If we look at the recent studies in educational psychology, we will find that such approach is broadly welcomed by current scholars. They argue that authoritarian approach to teaching the curriculum brings no benefits to students, who become capable of nothing else than performing rote and repetition from teachers, while their critical thinking abilities are not being practiced (Krause, 2003). However, it is important to define the extent of this interaction, because no extreme is beneficial. In the presented case we see that teacher engages in dialogue with his students about the amount of homework they should perform. He then accepts their terms rather than setting a compromise or leaving his terms unchanged. This can grow to a bad habit for students, since once they realize their power to persuade the teacher to agree to their terms, it will get harder for the teacher to defend his position and put forward his curriculum requirements in the future. Besides, the true benefits of education are achievable only by means of independent studying, especially when it comes to math that requires a lot of exercising and practice, and therefore if the teacher doesn’t make it hard for students to learn a certain curriculum, they will never get to the point of acquiring necessary skills in order to proceed in their studying (Eggen, 1995).

Another important issue brought by the above mentioned case is the extent of students’ motivation, which should always be a solid teacher’s responsibility to implement. While the subject of motivation is being thoroughly studied and examined, when it comes to practical achievements, the majority of teachers cannot boast with any significant results (Eggen, 1995). One of the reasons is because they refuse to practice classroom motivation, assuming in old-fashioned manner that education is a must for everyone and no further explanations required. Others attempt to implement this practice, but lack professional experience or theoretical grounding for this matter. As a result, students are told that education will bring them long-term benefits, such as high-paid job and social security, but this doesn’t appear to be much convincing in a short-term run, when students are less worried about their future and much worried about their present (Shulman, 1998).

The presented case demonstrates low motivation of students and even fear of being called up to the board to demonstrate their knowledge. As it is mentioned in the beginning of scenario, the subject of decimals is none’s favorite subject and therefore none feels motivation to learn it except for the need to pass the exam. This simultaneously brings two issues for discussion. First, the teacher makes a mistake by expressing his own lack of excitement for studying the decimals and his behavior shows that it’s a must-do for him as well. While this may be true for him as a person, he should not forget his responsibilities as a role model and authority for his students, and therefore he should be careful with expressing his personal views, because they are automatically accepted as the ultimate truth and followed by the rest of his audience. The second issue brought to the point of discussion is that although this teacher works hard on giving interesting and practical examples of using the decimals calculation in real life, no other motivation is given to students to learn the calculation techniques. The educational process would bring more benefits for students if it is both fun and exciting. The best way to achieve it is to create the competition environment, which not only implies to grades, but also to social activities created to enhance learning of decimals or any other subject in math.

Although my suggestions may sound as a return to teacher-centered classroom, they aren’t. Instead of going to extremes, the education should not only focus on highly-dynamic interaction and student’s satisfaction, but also on the quality of knowledge they perceive. If the educational process is only concerned with poring the greatest amount of knowledge to the greatest number of students, providing the general overview and abstracts, especially when the precise sciences are concerned, than at a certain point students will experience the gap that will not allow them to proceed with studying, since in order to lean one subject they are required to have a background in another (Slavin, 2002). The issue may raise not only in a high school or college, but also during the process of acquiring new knowledge in the professional sphere, e.g. for raising the level of one’s skills, etc. Of course, the approach with constant repetition, practice, frequent recall, recitation and tests will not lead to the expected results, and therefore it is crucial for current scholars to reconsider their findings and find optimal solutions for quality long-lasting educational benefits.

While new theories of educational psychology may be on their way, today it is crucial that teachers are encouraged to establish high-achieving learning environment that will benefit all students. In order to support learning, the instruction techniques should therefore be combined with the most advanced curriculum, provided that such learning environment will encourage students to solve complex problems, to explore new ideas, to consider important issues, and to involve students in cultural activities and professional experiences.

References:

  1. Eggen, P.; Kauchak, D. (1995). The teaching of educational psychology: A research agenda. Paper presented at annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco.
  2. Krause, K., Bochner, S. & Duchesne, S. (2003) Educational psychology for learning and teaching. Southbank, VIC: Thomson Learning.
  3. Shulman, L. S. (1998) Theory, practice, and the education of professionals. Elementary School Journal, Vol. 98(5), pp. 511-526.
  4. Slavin, Robert E. (2002) Educational Psychology: Theory and Practice, Seventh Edition. Pearson Allyn & Bacon
 

If you wish to buy custom essay online, please click here (link to order form). Or feel free to check out this sample essay below and write your own.

The controversy over the efficiency of U.S. standards and patterns of education has long been around. Although the traditional approach to education has remained largely unchanged over the last century, the American education became, perhaps, the most democratic and integrated as compared to the majority of other countries. As far as the science concerned, the 1960’s brought the curriculum revolution in this field with new content added to the educational approach. The hands-on activities were generally reduced in favor of more complex and abstract concepts (Slavin, 2002). While the efficiency of this practice is being discussed by scholars and various participants involved, the presented case study demonstrates the actual advantages and disadvantages imposed both on a teacher and his students.

One of the issues brought in this case is teacher-student interaction and the extent to which this interaction should be brought. As opposed to typical pedagogical pattern that involves didactic authoritarian approach to classroom management, the teacher in this case is rather open, friendly and communicative with his students. If we look at the recent studies in educational psychology, we will find that such approach is broadly welcomed by current scholars. They argue that authoritarian approach to teaching the curriculum brings no benefits to students, who become capable of nothing else than performing rote and repetition from teachers, while their critical thinking abilities are not being practiced (Krause, 2003). However, it is important to define the extent of this interaction, because no extreme is beneficial. In the presented case we see that teacher engages in dialogue with his students about the amount of homework they should perform. He then accepts their terms rather than setting a compromise or leaving his terms unchanged. This can grow to a bad habit for students, since once they realize their power to persuade the teacher to agree to their terms, it will get harder for the teacher to defend his position and put forward his curriculum requirements in the future. Besides, the true benefits of education are achievable only by means of independent studying, especially when it comes to math that requires a lot of exercising and practice, and therefore if the teacher doesn’t make it hard for students to learn a certain curriculum, they will never get to the point of acquiring necessary skills in order to proceed in their studying (Eggen, 1995).

Another important issue brought by the above mentioned case is the extent of students’ motivation, which should always be a solid teacher’s responsibility to implement. While the subject of motivation is being thoroughly studied and examined, when it comes to practical achievements, the majority of teachers cannot boast with any significant results (Eggen, 1995). One of the reasons is because they refuse to practice classroom motivation, assuming in old-fashioned manner that education is a must for everyone and no further explanations required. Others attempt to implement this practice, but lack professional experience or theoretical grounding for this matter. As a result, students are told that education will bring them long-term benefits, such as high-paid job and social security, but this doesn’t appear to be much convincing in a short-term run, when students are less worried about their future and much worried about their present (Shulman, 1998).

The presented case demonstrates low motivation of students and even fear of being called up to the board to demonstrate their knowledge. As it is mentioned in the beginning of scenario, the subject of decimals is none’s favorite subject and therefore none feels motivation to learn it except for the need to pass the exam. This simultaneously brings two issues for discussion. First, the teacher makes a mistake by expressing his own lack of excitement for studying the decimals and his behavior shows that it’s a must-do for him as well. While this may be true for him as a person, he should not forget his responsibilities as a role model and authority for his students, and therefore he should be careful with expressing his personal views, because they are automatically accepted as the ultimate truth and followed by the rest of his audience. The second issue brought to the point of discussion is that although this teacher works hard on giving interesting and practical examples of using the decimals calculation in real life, no other motivation is given to students to learn the calculation techniques. The educational process would bring more benefits for students if it is both fun and exciting. The best way to achieve it is to create the competition environment, which not only implies to grades, but also to social activities created to enhance learning of decimals or any other subject in math.

Although my suggestions may sound as a return to teacher-centered classroom, they aren’t. Instead of going to extremes, the education should not only focus on highly-dynamic interaction and student’s satisfaction, but also on the quality of knowledge they perceive. If the educational process is only concerned with poring the greatest amount of knowledge to the greatest number of students, providing the general overview and abstracts, especially when the precise sciences are concerned, than at a certain point students will experience the gap that will not allow them to proceed with studying, since in order to lean one subject they are required to have a background in another (Slavin, 2002). The issue may raise not only in a high school or college, but also during the process of acquiring new knowledge in the professional sphere, e.g. for raising the level of one’s skills, etc. Of course, the approach with constant repetition, practice, frequent recall, recitation and tests will not lead to the expected results, and therefore it is crucial for current scholars to reconsider their findings and find optimal solutions for quality long-lasting educational benefits.

While new theories of educational psychology may be on their way, today it is crucial that teachers are encouraged to establish high-achieving learning environment that will benefit all students. In order to support learning, the instruction techniques should therefore be combined with the most advanced curriculum, provided that such learning environment will encourage students to solve complex problems, to explore new ideas, to consider important issues, and to involve students in cultural activities and professional experiences.

References:

1. Eggen, P.; Kauchak, D. (1995). The teaching of educational psychology: A research agenda. Paper presented at annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco.

If you wish to buy custom essay online, please click here (link to order form). Or feel free to check out this sample essay below and write your own.

The controversy over the efficiency of U.S. standards and patterns of education has long been around. Although the traditional approach to education has remained largely unchanged over the last century, the American education became, perhaps, the most democratic and integrated as compared to the majority of other countries. As far as the science concerned, the 1960’s brought the curriculum revolution in this field with new content added to the educational approach. The hands-on activities were generally reduced in favor of more complex and abstract concepts (Slavin, 2002). While the efficiency of this practice is being discussed by scholars and various participants involved, the presented case study demonstrates the actual advantages and disadvantages imposed both on a teacher and his students.

One of the issues brought in this case is teacher-student interaction and the extent to which this interaction should be brought. As opposed to typical pedagogical pattern that involves didactic authoritarian approach to classroom management, the teacher in this case is rather open, friendly and communicative with his students. If we look at the recent studies in educational psychology, we will find that such approach is broadly welcomed by current scholars. They argue that authoritarian approach to teaching the curriculum brings no benefits to students, who become capable of nothing else than performing rote and repetition from teachers, while their critical thinking abilities are not being practiced (Krause, 2003). However, it is important to define the extent of this interaction, because no extreme is beneficial. In the presented case we see that teacher engages in dialogue with his students about the amount of homework they should perform. He then accepts their terms rather than setting a compromise or leaving his terms unchanged. This can grow to a bad habit for students, since once they realize their power to persuade the teacher to agree to their terms, it will get harder for the teacher to defend his position and put forward his curriculum requirements in the future. Besides, the true benefits of education are achievable only by means of independent studying, especially when it comes to math that requires a lot of exercising and practice, and therefore if the teacher doesn’t make it hard for students to learn a certain curriculum, they will never get to the point of acquiring necessary skills in order to proceed in their studying (Eggen, 1995).

Another important issue brought by the above mentioned case is the extent of students’ motivation, which should always be a solid teacher’s responsibility to implement. While the subject of motivation is being thoroughly studied and examined, when it comes to practical achievements, the majority of teachers cannot boast with any significant results (Eggen, 1995). One of the reasons is because they refuse to practice classroom motivation, assuming in old-fashioned manner that education is a must for everyone and no further explanations required. Others attempt to implement this practice, but lack professional experience or theoretical grounding for this matter. As a result, students are told that education will bring them long-term benefits, such as high-paid job and social security, but this doesn’t appear to be much convincing in a short-term run, when students are less worried about their future and much worried about their present (Shulman, 1998).

The presented case demonstrates low motivation of students and even fear of being called up to the board to demonstrate their knowledge. As it is mentioned in the beginning of scenario, the subject of decimals is none’s favorite subject and therefore none feels motivation to learn it except for the need to pass the exam. This simultaneously brings two issues for discussion. First, the teacher makes a mistake by expressing his own lack of excitement for studying the decimals and his behavior shows that it’s a must-do for him as well. While this may be true for him as a person, he should not forget his responsibilities as a role model and authority for his students, and therefore he should be careful with expressing his personal views, because they are automatically accepted as the ultimate truth and followed by the rest of his audience. The second issue brought to the point of discussion is that although this teacher works hard on giving interesting and practical examples of using the decimals calculation in real life, no other motivation is given to students to learn the calculation techniques. The educational process would bring more benefits for students if it is both fun and exciting. The best way to achieve it is to create the competition environment, which not only implies to grades, but also to social activities created to enhance learning of decimals or any other subject in math.

Although my suggestions may sound as a return to teacher-centered classroom, they aren’t. Instead of going to extremes, the education should not only focus on highly-dynamic interaction and student’s satisfaction, but also on the quality of knowledge they perceive. If the educational process is only concerned with poring the greatest amount of knowledge to the greatest number of students, providing the general overview and abstracts, especially when the precise sciences are concerned, than at a certain point students will experience the gap that will not allow them to proceed with studying, since in order to lean one subject they are required to have a background in another (Slavin, 2002). The issue may raise not only in a high school or college, but also during the process of acquiring new knowledge in the professional sphere, e.g. for raising the level of one’s skills, etc. Of course, the approach with constant repetition, practice, frequent recall, recitation and tests will not lead to the expected results, and therefore it is crucial for current scholars to reconsider their findings and find optimal solutions for quality long-lasting educational benefits.

While new theories of educational psychology may be on their way, today it is crucial that teachers are encouraged to establish high-achieving learning environment that will benefit all students. In order to support learning, the instruction techniques should therefore be combined with the most advanced curriculum, provided that such learning environment will encourage students to solve complex problems, to explore new ideas, to consider important issues, and to involve students in cultural activities and professional experiences.

References:

  1. Eggen, P.; Kauchak, D. (1995). The teaching of educational psychology: A research agenda. Paper presented at annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco.
  2. Krause, K., Bochner, S. & Duchesne, S. (2003) Educational psychology for learning and teaching. Southbank, VIC: Thomson Learning.
  3. Shulman, L. S. (1998) Theory, practice, and the education of professionals. Elementary School Journal, Vol. 98(5), pp. 511-526.
  4. Slavin, Robert E. (2002) Educational Psychology: Theory and Practice, Seventh Edition. Pearson Allyn & Bacon

2. Krause, K., Bochner, S. & Duchesne, S. (2003) Educational psychology for learning and teaching. Southbank, VIC: Thomson Learning.

3. Shulman, L. S. (1998) Theory, practice, and the education of professionals. Elementary School Journal, Vol. 98(5), pp. 511-526.

4. Slavin, Robert E. (2002) Educational Psychology: Theory and Practice, Seventh Edition. Pearson Allyn & Bacon

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How to Write a Bullying Essay

On February 15, 2012, in How To Write an Essay, by go2essay.com

Writing a good bullying essay is not an easy task. This article was created by a professional essay writing service to help your efforts.

Bullying is a sensitive topic to write about, but one must write about it to help educate people about it. When you are asked to write a bullying essay, you have to be careful about many things.

For one thing, bullying has grown into such a large concept that it has become a challenge to pin down its exact definition and writers have to be careful about referring to a single type of bullying in their essays. And for another thing, most cases of bullying, at least those which are reported, involve children and teenagers who have personal issues that also have to be addressed on their own. One must be careful about assigning the responsibility for bullying that takes place, especially in situations where minors are involved.

Defining Bullying

A good bullying essay starts with a clear definition of the subject. While some national governments have no precise definitions of bullying, several states in the United States have openly expressed condemnation for the act and have even classified it as a crime. Most would agree that bullying is a form of aggressive behavior engaged by someone to maintain some form of power over someone else who is perceived as weaker than him.

It also helps to include in your bullying essay that bullying takes place in different forms. In most American schools, bullying takes place through social and physical behavior.

  1. Physical Aggression

Boys tend to be more physically aggressive than girls, expressing their bullying through punching, kicking, shoving, beating, choking, throwing things, scraping, stabbing, scratching, slapping, and the like. However, it may be worthy to note in your bullying essay that the number of cases of girls involved in physical bullying has significantly risen over the years.

  1. Social Aggression

Harmful social behavior is a more subtle and indirect manner of bullying because it is harder to pin down than a physical behavior that can be clearly observed. Social bullying also comes in different ways. It can involve written or verbal abuse such as name-calling, taunting, mocking, spreading rumors, and gossiping. Other forms of social treatment that tend to isolate the victim or cause social isolation that can lead to depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem include dishing out the silent treatment, laughing at the victim, giggling, staring, and manipulating.

Issues to Be Addressed

It is not enough to write a bullying essay that is based on the definitions of bullying. A more in-depth treatment would involve looking into the sensitive issues that arise out of the problem, including the following:

  • Causes of Bullying. More often than not bullies are those who have psychological troubles of their own and have no way of expressing them so they resort to projecting their own problems in other people. Parents play an important role in the shaping of a bully’s psychological makeup and should be educated about the proper way of rearing up a child and helping him deal with his personal problems.
  • Reasons for Bullying a Certain Person. There are usually no valid reasons for picking on someone as a victim. You may include in your bullying essay that bullies usually choose their target based solely on race, gender, sexuality, or physical disabilities.
  • Coping with Bullies. Another problem to address is that on the side of the victim. Many cases of bullycide, or suicide resulting from bullying, have been reported in the U.S. and schools and concerned citizens are taking up their resources to educate young people about the best ways to deal with bullying.

 

P.S. We’re going to speak about writing an excellent diversity essay in one of our next “how to” articles. Make sure you read it!

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About Reina de la Salsa Celia Cruz – Sample Biography Essay

On February 14, 2012, in Narrative Essay, by go2essay.com

Don’t know how to write a Biography? Check out this essay below – it was produced by online custom essay writing service Go2Essay.com.

Reina de la Salsa Celia Cruz is one of the legendary artists in the history of Latin music that will always be remembered as the “Queen of Salsa”. Year after year, Celia renews her collection of recorded albums, performs internationally and receives numerous awards that she adds to her huge collection of accolades. With this said, Cruz is truly the most influential female in the history of Afro-Cuban music.

Celia Cruz’s family and neighbors found out Celia’s talent to singing from listening to her croon lullabies, which she was singing to her younger relatives. When she grew up, Celia was persuading a degree of literature teacher. At this time her older cousin entered her in a competition on the talent show La Hora Del T‚ on Radio Garcia Serra, where she won her first prize. After that Celia began to work on the radio. Eventually, she switched to singing full-time when a trusted teacher advised her that she would be foolish to do otherwise. 1

Celia received her first talent award in 1947. Soon her music was in demand from the worlds of television, radio and movies. Cruz’s first appearance was in Santero, an album of Afro-Cuban cult music on the Panart label. Besides radio, Cruz worked with the group Gloria Matancera and in small theatres and cabaret. During the club’s winter seasons Celia worked as a singer at the famous Tropicana nightclub in Havana, where she befriended choreographer Roderico “Rodney” Neyra, who helped her to get the job. Together with his dance troupe they toured Mexico and Venezuela. Later Neyra introduced Cruz to Rogelio Martinez, the director of the popular band Sonora Matancera. In 1950 Cruz became lead vocalist of Sonora Matancera on their weekly show on Radio Progreso, replacing Myrta Silva, who had returned to her native Puerto Rico.2

Cruz’s first recording debut with Sonora Matancera was released in 1951 and entitled “Cao Cao Mani Picao”, with the flip-side “Mata Siguaraya”. In her 15-year tenure with the band Celia had made a long list of records. During the 50s the band appeared on television, and later toured South and Central America, the Caribbean and the U.S.A.3

Celia’s first appearance in New York happened in 1957 at the old St. Nicholas Arena. In July 1960 Cruz and the band left post-revolutionary Cuba permanently. As she told in one of her biographies, “We gave them the impression we were just going on another temporary tour abroad. That’s how we got out”.4 After departure from Cuba the band worked in Mexico for one-and-a-half years.5

After some attempts to return to her native country she never was granted the permission, even when her mother was sick and when she wanted to attend her father’s funeral. “Castro never forgave me”, she said in a 1987 interview.6 A lengthy commitment at the Hollywood Palladium, Los Angeles, in 1961 enabled Celia and Sonora Matancera to apply for U.S. residency. Later she married the band’s first trumpeter, Pedro Knight, who became her on-stage musical director and manager.7

After Celia had recorded and released several albums with maestro Tito Puente, the Anglo and European audiences got excited with salsa and it became very popular. This phenomenon was called “the Salsa of the 70’s”. Her collaborations with other maestros, such as Willy Colon, Johnny Pacheco, and la Fania All Stars were also very successful.8

The 90’s have marked a very special period in her career. In this decade, the Smithsonian Institution gave her a Lifetime Achievement Award, the Republic of Colombia awarded her the Presidential Medal in Arts, she received the prestigious Lifetime Achievement Awards from the Hispanic Heritage Awards, and the City of San Francisco declared October 25th, 1997 as “Celia Cruz’s Day”, to name a few.9

But undoubtedly, one of the most memorable moments in her life was in 1994, when in the White House she received from the President of the United States, Bill Clinton, the highest honor this country bestows an artist: the National Endowment for the Arts. Thus, this legendary person has not only inspired many generations by her music and performance, but also by the great talent and courage to reach for the stars and accomplish her dreams.10

References:
1-10. Eduardo Marceles. (2004) Azucar! the Celia Cruz Biography. Reed Press.
Celia Cruz. Online Biography. Retrieved at: http://celia.lamusica.com/biography.shtml

P.S. Tomorrow we’ll start our “how to” series and discuss how to write a bullying essay.